At yovisto academic video search, you may be interested in a video lecture [in German] on Aspasia and Diotima as part of a lecture series featuring women in philosophy. References and Further Reading:. Your email address will not be published. Related Posts. The Interpretation of Dreams according to Sigmund Freud. Theophrastus of Eresos — the Father of Botany.
Eudoxus and the Method of Exhaustion. One comment This comment has been removed by a blog administrator. Leave a Reply Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. Tweets by SciHiBlog. November In her place setting, Aspasia is represented through elements commonly found in the art of ancient Greece. Her plate shows a blooming floral pattern, suggestive of her femininity, and done in earth tones used in the art and architecture of 5th century B.
One of the most familiar elements of ancient Greek attire, the Greek chiton similar to a Roman toga is suggested in the draped fabric on the front and back of the runner. Two embroidered leaf-shaped pins hold the draped fabric to the runner, similar to the jeweled clasps the Greeks would have used to fasten their robes. On the back of the runner are six black palmettes, embroidered as a stylized version of a honeysuckle or palm tree frond, a dominant motif in Ancient Greek paintings, pottery, and architectural detail.
Plato: Menexenus. Xenophon: Memorabiliai and Oeconomicus. Aeschines Socraticus and Antisthenes: Aspasia fragments. Fornara, Charles W. Samons II. Athens from Cleisthenes to Pericles. Berkeley: University of California Press, Henry, Madeleine Mary. Keuls, Eva C. Levine, Caroline, trans. Princeton: Princeton University Press, Invariably, she was attacked for her sexual allure and unseemly influence over Pericles and his political policies.
Hermippus accuses her of impiety and procuring free-born women for Pericles, and Duris of Samos with having prompted him to intervene in support of Miletus in its war with Samos BC. Aristophanes even blames her in The Acharnians BC , his earliest surviving play, for starting the Peloponnesian War. He attributes the Megarian Decree of Pericles, which excluded Megara from trade with Athens or its allies, to prostitutes being taken from the house of Aspasia in retaliation for one of their number having been drunkenly kidnapped from Megara "and from that the onset of war broke forth upon all the Greeks: from three sluts!
It was her status as a foreigner that also freed Aspasia from the legal restraints that traditionally confined married women to their homes and allowed her to participate in the public life of Athens.
Mistress of her own house one of ill repute, as Plutarch primly points out and hostess to friends and supporters who visited, she was witty and educated. Plutarch, whose Life of Pericles conveys most of what is known about her, says that he held Aspasia in high favor because of her "rare political wisdom" and that she "had the reputation of being associated with a whole succession of Athenians, who came to her to learn rhetoric" XXIV. Aspasia is said by the Suda , a tenth-century Byzantine encyclopedia, to have been "clever with regards to words," a sophist, and to have taught rhetoric.
Diogenes Laertius relates that Antisthenes and Aeschines, disciples of Socrates, both wrote about her. Athenaeus remarks that "Most philosophers have a natural tendency to be more abusive than the comic poets" V. Certainly, Antisthenes is hostile, saying that Pericles greeted "the wench" twice a day and pleaded for her against charges of impiety, weeping "more tears than when his life and property were endangered" Athenaeus, XIII. Cicero, in De Inventione I. Neither will be happy, she says, as long as they desire an ideal spouse; rather, each must be the best spouse, if their partner's wish is to be fulfilled.
Induction is a form of argument which leads the person with whom one is arguing to give assent to certain undisputed facts; through this assent it wins his approval of a doubtful proposition because this resembles the facts to which he has assented. For instance, in a dialogue by Aeschines Socraticus Socrates reveals that Aspasia reasoned thus with Xenophon's wife and with Xenophon himself: "Please tell me, madam, if your neighbour had a better gold ornament than you have, would you prefer that one or your own?
But Aspasia then began to speak to Xenophon. Then Aspasia: "Since both of you have failed to tell me the only thing I wished to hear, I myself will tell you what you both are thinking. That is, you, madam, wish to have the best husband, and you, Xenophon, desire above all things to have the finest wife.
Therefore, unless you can contrive that there be no better man or finer woman on earth you will certainly always be in dire want of what you consider best, namely, that you be the husband of the very best of wives, and that she be wedded to the very best of men. Quintilian, in referring to this exchange in his own discussion of rhetoric, says that the appropriate answer would have been for the wife to prefer an ornament, not better but of the same quality as her neighbor Institutio Oratoria , V.
This relationship between love eros and virtue arete also can be seen in Xenophon, whose mention of Aspasia may have derived from Aeschines. In the Memorabilia II. And in Oeconomicus III. In Menexenus e, b , Plato even has Aspasia be the instructor of Socrates in rhetoric cf. Athenaeus, V. In BC, at the beginning of the second year of the Peloponnesian War, a disastrous plague broke out in Athens. It killed the two sons of Pericles by his first wife, and he asked for an exemption from the law to permit his son by Aspasia to be legitimated and made a citizen, which was granted.
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